Studi komparasi Kelayakan Ekonomi Usahatani Padi Sawah dan Padi Ladang di Kecamatan Tilongkabila Kabupaten Bone Bolango

Yuyan Mahmud; Yusriyah Atikah Gobel; Moh Muchlis DJibran; Aditya Djaini

doi:10.32520/zmeyex15

Authors

Yuyan Mahmud Universitas Muhammadiyah Gorontalo
Yusriyah Atikah Gobel Universitas Muhammadiyah Gorontalo
Moh Muchlis DJibran Universitas Muhammadiyah Gorontalo
Aditya Djaini Universitas Muhammadiyah Gorontalo

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32520/zmeyex15

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji komparasi efisiensi ekonomi dan kelayakan finansial petani pada usahatani padi sawah dan padi ladang di Kecamatan Tilongkabila, Kabupaten Bone Bolango. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengevaluasi trade-off antara efisiensi biaya (R/C Ratio) dan pendapatan nominal yang diterima petani dari kedua sistem tersebut. Data dikumpulkan melalui survei terhadap 64 petani, terdiri dari 43 petani padi sawah (simple random sampling) dan 21 petani padi ladang (sampling jenuh). Hasil analisis menunjukkan fenomena menarik yakni secara efisiensi modal, usahatani padi ladang justru lebih unggul dengan R/C Ratio 1,59 dibandingkan padi sawah sebesar 1,48, namun dari sisi nominal pendapatan bersih, padi sawah memberikan hasil yang signifikan lebih tinggi sebesar Rp 3.907.744 per musim tanam, dibandingkan padi ladang yang memperoleh Rp 3.003.523. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa keunggulan pendapatan nominal padi sawah tidak diimbangi oleh efisiensi rasio biaya. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya intervensi teknologi hemat biaya pada padi sawah untuk meningkatkan efisiensi, serta perbaikan manajemen risiko iklim bagi petani padi ladang.

This study examines the comparative economic efficiency and financial feasibility of irrigated and rainfed rice farming systems in Tilongkabila District, Bone Bolango Regency. The objective is to evaluate the cost structure, revenue, net income, and economic feasibility of switching between farming systems. Data were collected through a survey of 64 farmers, comprising 43 irrigated rice farmers selected via simple random sampling and 21 rainfed rice farmers selected via saturated sampling. The analysis reveals an interesting phenomenon: in terms of capital efficiency, rainfed rice farming is actually superior with an R/C Ratio of 1.59 compared to 1.48 for irrigated rice farming. However, in terms of nominal net income, irrigated rice farming yields significantly higher returns of IDR 3,907,744 per planting season, compared to rainfed rice farming which generates IDR 3,003,523. The Incremental B/C Ratio of 3.21 confirms that transitioning from rainfed to irrigated rice is economically feasible. These findings indicate that the higher nominal income of irrigated rice farming is not matched by its cost efficiency ratio. This study recommends the implementation of cost-saving technology interventions in irrigated rice farming to enhance efficiency, as well as irrigation infrastructure support for farmers currently dependent on rainfed rice farming.

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